Andrey Norkin

Selected publications

Book chapters

• A. Norkin, Chih-Ming Fu, Yu-Wen Huang, and Shawmin Lei, In-loop filters in HEVC, in edited book High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) - Algorithms and Architectures, Editors: V. Sze, M. Budagavi, and G. J. Sullivan. Springer, Heidelberg, 2014. ISBN: 978-3319068947. [Springer-link]
• A. Norkin, M. O. Bici, A. Aksay, C. Bilen, A. Gotchev, G. Bozdagi Akar, K. Egiazarian, and J. Astola, Multiple description coding and its relevance to 3DTV, in edited book Three-Dimensional Television: Capture, Transmission, and Display, Editors: H. M. Ozaktas and L. Onural. Springer, Heidelberg, 2007. ISBN: 978-3-540-72531-2. [Springer-link, GoogleBooks]

Tech blogs

• L.-H. Chen, A. Norkin, L. Guo, Z. Li, A. Opalach, and A, Moorthy, AV1 @ Scale: Film Grain Synthesis, The Awakening, The Netflix Tech Blog, July 2, 2025. [Link]
• A. Norkin, AOMedia Film Grain Synthesis 1 (AFGS1), Tech Blog, March 5, 2024. [Link]
• A. Norkin, AV1 decoder model, Tech Blog, June 24, 2020. [Link]
• A. Norkin, J. Sole, M. Afonso, K. Swanson, A. Opalach, A. Moorthy, and A. Aaron, SVT-AV1: open-source AV1 encoder and decoder, The Netflix Tech Blog, March 13, 2020. [Link]
• A. Norkin, Film grain synthesis in AV1, Tech Blog, November 3, 2019. [Link]
• A. Norkin, J. Sole, K. Swanson, M. Afonso, A. Moorthy, and A. Aaron, Introducing SVT-AV1: a scalable open-source AV1 framework, The Netflix Tech Blog, April 17, 2019. [Link]
• J. Sole, L. Guo, A. Norkin, M. Afonso, K. Swanson, and A. Aaron, Performance comparison of video coding standards: an adaptive streaming perspective, The Netflix Tech Blog, December 13, 2018. [Link]
• A. Norkin, J. De Cock, A. Mavlankar, and A. Aaron, More Efficient Mobile Encodes for Netflix Downloads, The Netflix Tech Blog, December 1, 2016. [Link]

Machine Learning publications

Copies of entries from other sections, to show that I am keeping up with trends.

• S. Paul, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, Efficient Per-Shot Convex Hull Prediction By Recurrent Learning, arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.04877, June 10, 2022. [pdf]
• S. Paul, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, Self-Supervised Learning of Perceptually Optimized Block Motion Estimates for Video Compression, arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.01805, October 5, 2021. [pdf]
• L.-H. Chen, C. G. Bampis, Z. Li, A. Norkin, A. C. Bovik, ProxIQA: A Proxy Approach to Perceptual Optimization of Learned Image Compression, arXiv:1910.08845, Oct. 19, 2019. [pdf]
• S. Paul, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, Speeding up VP9 Intra Encoder with Hierarchical Deep Learning Based Partition Prediction, arXiv:1906.06476, June 15, 2019. [pdf]
• L.-H. Chen, C. G. Bampis, Z. Li, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, Perceptually Optimizing Deep Image Compression, in arXiv, July 3, 2020. [pdf]

Slides

• A. Norkin, AV2 Video Codec Architecture, Talk given at QoMEX'25, September 29, 2025. [Slides]
• A. Norkin, AV1 film grain synthesis and AFGS1, Tutorial given at MHV'24, February 12, 2024. [Slides]

Journal publications

• S. Paul, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, Efficient Per-Shot Convex Hull Prediction By Recurrent Learning, arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.04877, June 10, 2022. [pdf]
• S. Paul, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, Self-Supervised Learning of Perceptually Optimized Block Motion Estimates for Video Compression, arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.01805, October 5, 2021. [pdf]
• S. Paul, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, On Visual Masking Estimation for Adaptive Quantization Using Steerable Filters, Signal Processing: Image Communication, Vol. 96, August 2021.
• Y. Chen, D. Mukherjee, J. Han, A. Grange, Y. Xu, S. Parker, C. Chen, H. Su, U. Joshi, C.-H. Chiang, Y. Wang, P. Wilkins, J. Bankoski, L. Trudeau, N. Egge, J.-M. Valin, T. Davies, S. Midtskogen, A. Norkin, P. de Rivaz, and Z. Liu, An overview of coding tools in AV1: the first video codec from the Alliance for Open Media, in APSIPA Trans. on Signal and Information Processing, vol.9, 15 pages, February 24, 2020. [pdf]
• L.-H. Chen, C. G. Bampis, Z. Li, A. Norkin, A. C. Bovik, ProxIQA: A Proxy Approach to Perceptual Optimization of Learned Image Compression, arXiv:1910.08845, Oct. 19, 2019. [pdf]
• S. Paul, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, Speeding up VP9 Intra Encoder with Hierarchical Deep Learning Based Partition Prediction, arXiv:1906.06476, June 15, 2019. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, G. Bjontegaard, A. Fuldseth, M. Narroschke, M. Ikeda, K. Andersson, M. Zhou, and G. Van der Auwera, HEVC deblocking filter, IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol., vol. 22, pp. 1746 – 1754, Dec. 2012. [pdf]
• P. Frojdh, A. Norkin, and R. Sjoberg, Next generation video compression, Ericsson Review, April 24, 2013. [pdf]
• M. Martina, M. Shafique, and A. Norkin, VLSI Circuits, Systems, and Architectures for Advanced Image and Video Compression Standards, in VLSI Design journal, special issue "VLSI Circuits, Systems, and Architectures for Advanced Image and Video Compression Standards", vol. 2012 (2012). [pdf]
• K. Ugur, K. Andersson, A. Fuldseth, G. Bjontegaard, L. P. Enderssen, J. Lainema, A. Hallapuro, D. Rusanovskyy, C. Zhang, A. Norkin, C. Priddle, T. Rusert, J. Samuelsson, R. Sjoberg, and Z. Wu, High Performance, Low Complexity Video Coding and the Emerging HEVC Video Coding Standard, IEEE Trans. Circuits and Syst. Video Technol., vol. 20, pp. 1688 – 1697, Dec. 2010. [IEEE-ref]
• M. O. Bici, A. Norkin, and G. Bozdagi Akar, Joint Source-Channel Coding for Error Resilient Transmission of Static 3D Models, in Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Vol.20, 2012, pp. 391-412. [pdf-Journal]
• A. Norkin, A. Gotchev, K. Egiazarian, and J. Astola, Low-complexity multiple description coding of video based on 3D block transforms, EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems, vol. 2007, Article ID 38631, 2007. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, A. Gotchev, K. Egiazarian, and J. Astola, Two-stage multiple description image coders: analysis and comparative study, Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol. 21/8, pp. 609-625, Sept. 2006. [pdf]

Conference publications

• A. Norkin, Banding Prevention for AVM Video Codec , in Proc. IEEE Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, Utah, Mar. 2025. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, Generalized deblocking filter for AVM, in Proc. Picture Coding Symposium (PCS), San Jose, CA, Dec. 2022. [pdf]
• L.-H. Chen, C. G. Bampis, Z. Li, A. Norkin, and A. C. Bovik, Perceptually Optimizing Deep Image Compression, in arXiv, July 3, 2020. [pdf]
• Y. Chen, D. Mukherjee, J. Han, A. Grange, Y. Xu, Z. Liu, S. Parker, C. Chen, H. Su, U. Joshi, C.-H. Chiang, Y. Wang, P. Wilkins, J. Bankoski, L. Trudeau, N. Egge, J.-M. Valin, T. Davies, S. Midtskogen, A. Norkin, and P. de Rivaz, An overview of core video coding tools in the AV1 video codec, in Proc. Picture Coding Symposium (PCS), June 2018, San Francisco, CA. [pdf]
• A. Norkin and N. Birkbeck, Film Grain Synthesis for AV1 Video Codec, in Proc. IEEE Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, Utah, Mar. 2018. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, Fast algorithm for HDR video pre-processing, in Proc. IEEE Picture Coding Symposium (PCS), Nuremberg, Germany, Dec. 2016. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, HDR color conversion with varying distortion metrics, in Proc. SPIE Conf. Optics+Photonics, no. 9971-37, Aug. 2016, San Diego, CA. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, Fast algorithm for HDR color conversion, in Proc. IEEE Data Compression Conference (DCC), Snowbird, UT, Mar. 2016. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, HEVC-based deblocking filter with ramp preservation properties, in Proc. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) 2014, Oct. 27-30, 2014, Paris, France. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, and V. Kulyk, Two HEVC encoder methods for block artifact reduction, in Proc. IEEE Conf. Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP), pp. 1-6, Nov. 2013, Kuching, Malaysia. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, A. Fuldseth, and G. Bjontegaard, HEVC deblocking filtering and decisions, in Proc. SPIE Conf. Optics and Photonics, no. 8499-37, Aug. 12-16, 2012, San Diego, CA. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, I. Girdzijauskas, 3DTV: one stream for different screens. Keeping perceived scene proportions by adjusting camera parameters, in Proc. Picture Coding Symposium (PCS) 2012, pp. 489 – 492, May 2012, Krakow, Poland. [pdf]
• K. Ugur, K. Andersson, A. Fuldseth, G. Bjontegaard, L. P. Enderssen, J. Lainema, A. Hallapuro, D. Rusanovskyy, C. Zhang, A. Norkin, C. Priddle, T. Rusert, J. Samuelsson, R. Sjoberg, and Z. Wu, Low Complexity Video Coding and the Emerging HEVC Video Coding Standard, in Proc. Picture Coding Symposium 2010, pp. 474 – 477, Dec. 2010, Nagoya, Japan. [IEEE-link]
• A. Kaarna, A. Norkin, J. Astola, Principal Component Analysis in Multiple Description Coding of Spectral Images, in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) 2008, vol. 3, pp. 91–94, July 2008, Boston, MA, USA.
• M. O. Bici, A. Norkin, and G. Bozdagi Akar, Packet loss resilient transmission of 3D models, ICIP 2007, San Antonio, TX, Sept. 2007. [pdf]
• M. O. Bici, A.Norkin, G. Bozdagi Akar, A. Gotchev, and J.Astola, Multiple Description Coding of 3D geometry with Forward Error Correction codes, IEEE 3DTV Conference 2007, Kos, Greece, May 2007. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, M. O. Bici, G. Bozdagi Akar, A. Gotchev, and J. Astola, Wavelet-based multiple description coding of 3-D geometry, VCIP 2007, in Proc. SPIE, vol. 6508, pp. 65082I-1 -65082I-10, Jan. 2007. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, A. Aksay, C. Bilen, G. Bozdagi Akar, A. Gotchev, and J. Astola, Schemes for multiple description coding of stereoscopic video, Multimedia Content, Representation and Security (MSRC) 2006, vol. 4105, pp. 730-737, Sept. 2006. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, A. Gotchev, K. Egiazarian, and J. Astola, A low-complexity multiple description video coder based on 3D-transforms, in Proc. EUSIPCO 2006, Florence, Italy , Sept. 2006. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, A. Gotchev, K. Egiazarian, and J. Astola, Multiple description image coders using whitening transforms: analysis and comparative study, in Proc. TICSP Workshop SMMSP’2004, Vienna, Austria , pp. 225-232, Sept. 2004. [pdf]
• A. Norkin, K. Egiazarian, J. Takala, and J. Astola, Multiple description coding of video based on 3D-DCT and pairwise correlating transform, in Proc. of FINSIG'03, pp. 182 - 185, May 2003.

Granted US patents

• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering, US patent No. 11,284,117, granted March 22, 2022.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering control, US patent No. 11,134,277, granted September 28, 2021.
• A. Norkin, Techniques for synthesizing film grain, US patent No. 10,839,489, granted November 17, 2020.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering, US patent No. 10,834,427, granted November 10, 2020.
• A. Norkin, High dynamic range color conversion correction, US patent No. 10,750,146, granted August 18, 2020.
• A. Norkin, High dynamic range color conversion correction, US patent No. 10,742,986, granted August 11, 2020.
• A. Norkin, High dynamic range color conversion correction, US patent No. 10,715,772, granted July 14, 2020.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering control, US patent No. 10,623,780, granted April 14, 2020.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Controlling deblocking filtering, US patent No. 10,575,021, granted February 25, 2020.
• A. Norkin, Strong deblocking filtering decisions, US patent No. 10,397,615, granted August 27, 2019.
• R. Sjoberg, A. Norkin, K. Andersson, Encoding and decoding of slices in pictures of a video stream using different maximum transform sizes, US patent No. 10,271,067, granted Apr. 23, 2019.
• A. Norkin, Hierarchical deblocking parameter adaptation, US patent No. 10,244,265, granted Mar. 26, 2019.
• A. Norkin, T. Rusert, M. Pettersson, Methods and arrangements for supporting view synthesis, US patent No. 10,158,838, granted Dec. 18, 2018.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjöberg, Deblocking filtering, US patent No. 10,142,659, granted Nov. 27, 2018.
• T. Rusert, A. Norkin, Constructing inter-layer reference picture lists, US patent No. 10,123,039, granted Nov. 6, 2018.
• A. Norkin, High dynamic range color conversion correction, US patent No. 10,080,005, granted Sept. 18, 2018.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering control, US patent No. 9,955,188, granted Apr. 24, 2018.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering, US patent No. 9,942,574, granted Apr. 10, 2018.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering , US patent No. 9,743,115, granted Aug. 22, 2017.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering control, US patent No. 9,641,841, granted May 2, 2017.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Method for Filter Control and a Filtering Control Device, US patent No. 9,565,436, granted Feb. 7, 2017.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering, US patent No. 9,414,066, filed Jan. 14, 2011, granted Aug. 9, 2016.
• A. Georgakis, A. Norkin, T. Rusert, Encoder, method in an encoder, decoder and method in a decoder for providing information concerning a spatial validity range, US patent No. 9,497,435, granted Nov. 15, 2016.
• A. Norkin, Z. Wu, T. Rusert, Signaling of camera and/or depth parameters, US patent No. 9,414,047, granted Aug. 9, 2016.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering, US patent No. 9,407,912, granted Aug. 2, 2016.
• C. Priddle, P.Frojdh, A.Norkin, Media container file management, US patent No. 8,768,984, granted July 1, 2014.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Deblocking filtering, US patent No. 8,526,509, granted Sept. 3, 2013.
• A. Norkin, C. Priddle, K. Andersson Decoder and a method thereof for improving decoding of image and video signals, US patent No. 8,515,191, granted Aug. 20, 2013.
• K. Andersson, C. Priddle, Z. Wu, A. Norkin, Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding of images, US patent No. 8,971,655, granted Mar. 3, 2015.

Standardization proposals

• A. Norkin, AHG17: Alternative film grain characteristics SEI message, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Doc. JVET-R0384, Apr. 2020. [Link]
• A. Norkin, CE11-related: On deblocking tC table, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Doc. JVET-L0410, Macao, CN, Oct. 2018. [Link]
• M. Afonso, A. Norkin, A. Aaron, J. Sole, K. Swanson (Netflix), Y. Ye, W. Jiang (Alibaba), J. Kim, K. Kolarov, D. Singer, A. Tourapis (Apple), Adaptive Streaming Test Conditions for VTM, JVET-M0466, Marrakesh, MA, Jan. 2019. [Link]
• J. Samuelsson, C. Fogg, A. Norkin, A. Segall, J. Strom, G. J. Sullivan, P. Topiwala, A. Tourapis (editors), Conversion and Coding Practices for HDR/WCG Y'CbCr 4:2:0 Video with PQ Transfer Characteristics Draft 3, JCTVC-Y1017, Chengdu, CN, Oct. 2016. [Link]
• A. Norkin, On HDR 4:2:0 chroma subsampling (AHG13 related), JCTVC-Y0033, Chengdu, CN, Oct. 2016. [Link]
• A. Norkin, Closed form HDR 4:2:0 chroma subsampling (HDR CE1 and AHG5 related), JCTVC-W0107, San Diego, CA, Feb. 2016. [Link]
• Z. Li, A. Norkin, A. Aaron, VMAF - video quality metric alternative to PSNR (AHG9 related), JVET-D0082, Chengdu, CN, Oct. 2016.
• A. Norkin, H. Yang, J.-R. Ohm, G. J. Sullivan, T. Suzuki (call coordinators), Call for test material for future video coding standardization, MPEG/ITU-T document JVET-B1002, San Diego, CA, Feb. 2016.
• T. Daede, A. Norkin, I. Brailovsky, Video Codec Testing and Quality Measurement, IETF document draft-ietf-netvc-testing-04, Oct. 31, 2016. [Link]
• A. Filippov, A. Norkin, J.R. Alvarez, Video Codec Requirements and Evaluation Methodology, IETF document, draft-ietf-netvc-requirements-03, Sept. 20, 2016. [Link]
• A. Norkin, A. Aaron, Netflix HDR and SDR test sequences (AHG4 and AHG7 related), JVET-D0083, Chengdu, CN, Oct. 2016.
• A. Norkin, I. Katsavounidis, A. Aaron, J. De Cock, Netflix test sequences for next generation video coding, MPEG document m36685, Warsaw, Poland, June 2015.
• A. Norkin, U. Hakeem, and R. Sjoberg On MV-HEVC+D encoder parameters, JCT3V-G0174, San Jose, CA, Jan. 2014.
• A. Norkin, T. Rusert, SHVC/MV-HEVC HLS: On use of splitting_flag with combinations of scalability dimensions, JCTVC-O0125/JCT3V-F0046, Geneva, CH, Oct.-Nov 2013.
• A. Norkin, U. Hakeem, T. Rusert, MV-HEVC/SHVC HLS: Initial inter-layer reference picture list construction, JCT3V-E0239/JCTVC-N0316, Vienna, AT, Jul.-Aug. 2013.
• A. Norkin, 3D reference displays information SEI message for MV-HEVC and 3D-HEVC, JCT3V-D0218, Incheon, KR, Apr. 2013.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, AHG6: On deblocking filter and parameters signaling, JCTVC-L0232, Geneva, Jan. 2013.
• A. Norkin, Non-CE1: Non-normative improvement to deblocking filtering, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-K0289, Shanghai, CN, Oct. 2012.
• Y. Zhao, L. Yu, A. Norkin, MVC+D: Enhanced 3DVC reference displays information SEI message, JCT3V-B0178, Shanghai, CN, Oct. 2012.
• A. Norkin, AHG6: Reduction of block artifacts in HEVC for large blocks, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-J0286, Stockholm, July 2012.
• A. Norkin, M. Pettersson, T. Rusert, Maximum depth discontinuity signaling for view synthesis range determination, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Doc. JCT2-A0122, Stockholm, July 2012.
• A. Norkin, I. Girdzijauskas, View synthesis adaptation to display parameters, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document m24975, Geneva, CH, April 28 – May 4, 2012.
• A. Norkin, On deblocking clipping table, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-I0258, Geneva, CH, 27 April - 7 May 2012.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Q. Huang, J. An, X. Guo, S. Lei, CE12: Ericsson's and MediaTek's deblocking filter, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Doc. JCTVC-F118, Jul. 2011, Torino, IT.
• R. Sjoberg, J. Sun, P. Wennersten, A. Norkin, A table-based delta QP coding method, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-F492, July 2011, Torino, IT.
• A. Norkin, On parallel deblocking, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Doc. JCTVC-G616, Geneva, CH, Nov. 2011.
• A. Norkin, Clean-up of deblocking filter description, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-G620, Geneva, CH, Nov. 2011.
• A. Norkin, CE10.3: Deblocking filter simplifications: Bs computation and strong filtering decision, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-H0473, San Jose, CA, Feb. 2012.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, J. Enhorn, R. Sjoberg, CE10.4: deblocking parameters signaling, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-H0574, San Jose, CA, Feb. 2012.
• T. Rusert, J. Enhorn, P. Frojdh, I. Girdzijauskas, B. Grafulla, B. Johansson, A. Norkin, M. Pettersson, R. Sjoberg, Z. Wu, Description of 3D Video Coding Technology Proposal by Ericsson, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document m22582, , Geneva, CH, Nov. 2011.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, Development of HEVC deblocking filter, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-D377, Jan. 2011, Daegu.
• A. Norkin, K. Andersson, R. Sjoberg, CE12.1: Ericsson deblocking filter, ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document JCTVC-E276, Mar. 2011, Geneva.
• P. Frojdh, A. Norkin, C. Priddle, File format sub-track selection and switching, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 Document m16665, London, June 2009.